Social Pillar Performance in Indian Corporations: An Exploratory Study of Profitability, Social Spending, and Disclosures

Co-Authors: Mridu Kapoor, Ritisha Pareek, Meghna Jose & Amruta Deshmukh

Abstract: Corporate sustainability today requires integrating economic, environmental and social considerations to create long-term value. This research examines the social pillar of ESG of the top 15 companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), analysing Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reports (BRSR) for FY 2024-25. The research seeks to provide evidence-based insights on how financial performance influences corporate social responsibility practices and transparency by assessing the relationships between social spending and disclosures, as well as profitability and social investments. The research evaluates corporate social initiatives against the robustness of related disclosures by developing General Disclosure and Social Disclosure indices based on BRSR. The study employs Chi Square Test using categorised social spending and disclosure tiers, enabling the identification of sector-wise investment patterns in social initiatives.

Keywords: Triple Bottom Line, ESG, Corporate Sustainability, Social Risk Assessment, BRSR, Social Investing

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